cumprod()
cumprod(x) Returns:
numeric · Updated March 13, 2026 · Base Functions cumulative vectors math cumprod base
The cumprod() function computes the cumulative product of a vector, returning a vector of the same length where each element is the product of all preceding elements. This makes it handy for compound growth, geometric sequences, and other multiplicative calculations.
Syntax
cumprod(x)Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
x | numeric | required | A numeric vector |
Examples
Basic usage
x <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
cumprod(x)
# [1] 1 2 6 24 120Working with financial data
# Cumulative returns
prices <- c(100, 102, 98, 105, 110)
returns <- prices / 100
cumprod(returns)
# [1] 1.00 1.02 1.00 1.05 1.10Geometric progression
# Geometric progression via cumprod
cumprod(rep(2, 5))
# [1] 2 4 8 16 32
# Powers of a number
cumprod(rep(3, 4))
# [1] 3 9 27 81Common Patterns
Compound growth
# Growth rates
growth <- c(1.1, 1.05, 1.02, 1.08)
cumprod(growth)
# [1] 1.1000 1.1550 1.1781 1.2724Factorial calculation
# Factorial of 5 = 5!
cumprod(1:5)[5]
# [1] 120